Search results for "Respiratory chain complex"
showing 6 items of 6 documents
Enniatin B induces expression changes in the electron transport chain pathway related genes in lymphoblastic T-cell line
2018
Abstract Enniatin B is a ionophoric and lipophilic mycotoxin which reaches the bloodstream and has the ability to penetrate into cellular membranes. The purpose of this study was to reveal changes in the gene expression profile caused by enniatin B in human Jurkat lymphoblastic T-cells after 24 h of exposure at 1.5, 3 and 5 μM by next generation sequencing. It was found that up to 27% of human genome expression levels were significantly altered (5750 genes for both down-regulation and up-regulation). In the three enniatin B concentrations studied 245 differentially expressed genes were found to be overlapped, 83 were down and 162 up-regulated. ConsensusPathDB analysis of over-representation…
Differential cysteine depletion in respiratory chain complexes enables the distinction of longevity from aerobicity.
2010
Mitochondrially encoded proteins in long-lived animals exhibit a characteristic anomaly on the amino acid usage level: they abstain from the use of cysteine in a lifespan-dependent fashion. Here, we have further investigated this phenomenon by analyzing respiratory chain complex subunits individually. We find that complex I cysteine depletion is the almost exclusive carrier of the cysteine-lifespan correlation, whereas complex IV cysteine depletion is uniform in all aerobic animals, unrelated to longevity, but even more pronounced than complex I cysteine depletion in the longest-lived species. In nuclear encoded subunits of the respiratory chain, we find lifespan-independent cysteine deplet…
Retrotransposon activation by distressed mitochondria in neurons
2020
Retrotransposon activation occurs in a variety of neurological disorders including multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's Disease. While the origins of disease-related retrotransposon activation have remained mostly unidentified, this phenomenon may well contribute to disease progression by inducing inflammation, disrupting transcription and, potentially, genomic insertion. Here, we report that the inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I by pharmacological agents widely used to model Parkinson's disease leads to a significant increase in expression of the ORF1 protein of the long interspersed nucleotide element 1 (LINE1) retrotransposon in human dopaminergic LUHMES cells. These …
Enantiospecific semisynthesis of (+)-almuheptolide-A, a novel natural heptolide inhibitor of the mammalian mitochondrial respiratory chain.
1998
The development of novel styryl lactone derivatives as bioactive compounds and the semisynthesis of both 4,5-dialkoxylated eight-membered-ring lactones with a heptolide skeleton (almuheptolide-A (1) type) and 7-alkoxylated delta-lactones with a saturated furanopyrone skeleton (etharvensin (8) type) have been successfully achieved from the chiral unsaturated alpha-pyrone altholactone (7). This new method is a direct and one-step enantiospecific alkoxylation of altholactone (7) in concentrated acid medium, followed by formation of the eight-membered-ring zeta-lactone. The reaction mechanism operating in the synthesis of the heptolide skeleton is postulated to be a direct Michael-type addition…
Epoxy-Acetogenins and other Polyketide Epoxy Derivatives as Inhibitors of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex I
2000
Annonaceous acetogenins (ACG), an extensive group of cytotoxic natural products, are antitumor agents whose main mode of action is inhibition of the mammalian mitochondrial complex I. Herein we describe the importance of the different chemical groups along the alkyl chain for optimal inhibitory potency, discussing the structurally relevant factors present in these compounds. For this purpose, a series of epoxide derivatives from alpha-linolenic acid were prepared and their activity compared with that of epoxy-acetogenins and tetrahydrofuranic (THF) acetogenins isolated from Rollinia membranacea.
Bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolines, a New Class of Inhibitors of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Complex I
2004
Four bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids (-)-medelline, (+)-antioquine, (+)-aromoline, and (+)-obamegine were isolated from the fruits of Xylopia columbiana. These compounds, the previously isolated alkaloids (+)-thaligrisine and (+)-isotetrandrine, as well as their O-acetylated derivatives were assayed on submitochondrial particles from beef heart as inhibitors of the mammalian respiratory chain. The results revealed that these alkaloids act as selective inhibitors of mitochondrial complex I in a 0.15 - 4.71 microM range. O-Acetylation, which increases their lipophilicity, considerably increased the inhibitory potency.